Garbage press

ABSTRACT

A garbage press has an opening filled from above and a chamber for the filling located under the opening. A pressing shield is movable in the chamber; it is swingable about a horizontal axis by a hydraulic piston-cylinder aggregate. The shield consists of a pressure plate, a cover plate coaxial with the axis of rotation and a rear wall. The shield pushes out the garbage directly through an outlet channel connected substantially horizontally to the chamber. The invention is particularly characterized in that the hydraulic piston-cylinder aggregate is directly attached to the rear wall of the pressure shield at a distance from its axis of rotation in such manner that in the withdrawn position the longitudinal axis of the moved in piston-cylinder aggregate extends upwardly in an inclined direction at a distance from the axis of rotation of the pressing shield which is smaller than its distance from the point of attachment of the aggregate.

United States Patent 1191 Smolka 1111 3,826,187 [4 July 30, 1974 GARBAGE PRESS Primary Examiner-Billy J. Wilhite [76] Inventor: Kurt Smolka, Wittenauerstrasse Attorney Agent or F'rm RchardS & Gemand 82 Berlin, Germany V. Alexander Scher [22] Filed: Aug. 22, 1972 [57 ABSTRACT [21] App]. No.: 282,803 1 A garbage press has an opening filled from above and a chamber for the filling located under the opening. A [30] Forelgn Apphcanon Pnomy Data pressing shield is movable in the chamber; it is swing- Aug. 25, 1971 Germany 2143334 able about a horizontal axis a hydraulic piston- I I cylinder aggregate. The shield consists of a pressure Cl 100/269 R, plate, a cover plate coaxial with the axis of rotation 100/295 and a rear wall. The shield pushes out the garbage dilllt- Cl. rectly through an outlet hannel connected ubgtan- [58] Fleld of Search 1-79, tially horizontally to the chamber. The invention is 269 295, 191 particularly characterized in that the hydraulic pistoncylinder aggregate is directly attached to the rear wall [5 References Clled of the pressure shield at a distance from its axis of ro- UNITED STATES PATENTS tation in such manner that in the withdrawn position 2,940,383 6/1960 Claas 100/179 x the longitudinal axis of the moved in piston'cylinder 2,986,992 6/1961 Patros ct al 100/233 X aggregate extends upwardly in an inclined direction at 3,174,425 3/1965 Eby et al .1 100/233 X a distance from the axis of rotation of the pressing 3,521,553 7/1970 Smolka ct al.. 100/233 X shield which is smaller than its distance from the point 3,685,437 8/1972 Panning 100/233 X of attachment of the aggregate,

5 Claims, 4 Drawingliigures 0 7 T 1i 1 I i I1//z 3 1 1 j I l/ 1U 1 l1 l0 11 I l l/ I4 1 a j f 7/ 4 U 4 I? HI If =r WWW/WWW W GARBAGE PRESS This invention relates to a garbage press and refers more particularly to a garbage press having an opening a pressure plate, a cover plate coaxial with the axis of rotation and a rear wall. The shield pushes out the garbage directly through an outlet channel connected substantially horizontally with the chamber.

In a garbage press of this type suggested in prior art the drive of the pressing shield is so constructed that it has a swinging angle of about 90. Then the shield can carry. out only a preliminary compression of the garbage, so that it is necessary to provide a second pressing shield with connected drive for the final compression and the pushing out of the garbage. This requires a substantial additional structural expense and a substantially greater amount of time for each operation, since the two shields must be operated one after the other.

To simplify construction the use of a single pressing shield has been suggested wherein the hydraulic pistoncylinder aggregate produces a larger swinging angle by intermediate connection of a toggle lever device. This construction also requires considerable expense and has a quickly possible wearing out of the links. Furthermore the compressing pressure rises only slowly during the swinging movement until it attains its highest value in the end position.

It was found that a comparatively quick increase in the compression pressure is. of substantial importance.

An object of the present invention is the provision of a garbage press having this comparatively quick in-' crease in the compression pressure and having the same simple structure and small space requirement.

Other objects of the present invention will become apparent in the course of the following specification.

In the accomplishment of the objectives of the present invention it was found desirable to attach the hydraulic piston-cylinder aggregate directly to the rear wall of the pressure shield at a distance from its axis of rotation in such manner that in the withdrawn position the longitudinal axis of the moved in piston-cylinder aggregate extends upwardly in an inclined direction at a distance from the axis of rotation of the pressing shield which is smaller than its distance from the point of at tachment of the aggregate.

Due to this arrangement an adequate compression of garbage takes place in one compression stage which due to the elimination of the leverages the construction of the garbage press is substantially simplified and the operational safety is raised.

Preferably two hydraulic piston-cylinder aggregates are provided with the outlet channel extending between them. This arrangement does not only save space but also provides a good distribution of force acting upon the pressing shield.

In case of garbage presses with a single pressing shield a compressing pressure can increase too early and act upon garbage extending over the edge of the pressure plate in the section passed by the pressing shield at a short distance from the wall of the chamber. This pressure can cause an accumulation of garbage endangering the operation since the cutting off of the overhanging garbage cannot take place due to the absence of further pressing shields. Therefore, according to a further embodiment of the present invention the wall of the chamber is made yieldable away from the axis of rotation in the range extending in the horizontal plane through the axis. By way of example, this can be accomplished by making the yieldable section as a wall part connected by a spring link with the wall of the chamber.

According to another embodiment of the present invention the outlet channel is located above the axis of rotation of the pressing shield, the embodiment being particularly characterized in that the pressing shield is located below the filling chamber and a hydraulic power source is located in the casing under the pressing shield and close to it. Then the opening of the outlet channel is located at a greater height above the floor, which facilitates the loading of the compressed garbage. Furthermore, garbage parts extending over the edge of the pressing shield cannot cause a stoppage. Garbage located above the filling opening in a shaft will be even loosened during compression stroke of garbage introduced into the chamber. Furthermore, the outlet channel can be made short since only small portions are compressed. This facilitates the fine setting of counter pressure in the outlet channel. Available free space is used for placing the hydraulic power source. The invention will appear more clearly from the following detailed description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings showing by way of example only, preferred embodiments of the inventive The garbage press shown in FIG. 1 includes a casing l enclosing a chamber 2 filled from an upper opening. An outlet channel 3 is connected to the chamber and extends substantially perpendicularly thereto. A limiting wall 4 of. the outlet channel is swingably mounted upon a pivot 5 and can be shifted at will by a setting device 19, adjustable by handle 20, to change the crosssection of the outlet channel 3. The cross-section of the outlet channel 3 is so selected that a counter force sufficient for final compression is provided by the friction of garbage at the wall of the outlet channel 3.

Another wall of the outlet channel, for example the lower wall 6, can be additionally also made adjustable.

The compression of garbage takes place by a pressure shield 7 swingably mounted about a horizontal axle 11 in the chamber 2 which constitutes a compression chamber. The pressure shield 7 consists of a pressure plate 8, a cover plate 9 connected to an outer edge of the plate 8 and coaxial to the rotary axle ll of the shield and a rear wall 10. Thus the shield 7 has a circular sector-like cross-section relatively to its horizontal rotary axle 11. The ends of piston rods 12 of two hydraulic piston-cylinder aggregates are pivotally connected to the rear wall directly by pivots 14', the axes of which are parallel to the axle 11 and extend at a distance from it. The piston-cylinder aggregates are located on opposite sides of te outlet channel 3; their cylinders 13 are swingably connected by pivots 14 to the bottom of the casing 1.

FIG. 1 shows the garbage press with the rearwardly moved pressing shield, whereby the piston-cylinder aggregates 12 and 13 are in the moved in position. The chamber 2 is free to receive garbage. The longitudinal axis of the piston-cylinder aggregates is inclined and directed upwardly and extends closely above the rotary axle 11 of the pressing shield 7. The piston-cylinder aggregates are supplied from a hydraulic power source 15 and are operated by an electrically actuated magnetic valve 16. Fluid conduits 23 and 24 are positioned between valve 16 and the piston-cylinder-aggregates 13 and 12 respectively.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the hydraulic system for actuation of the piston-cylinder-aggregates 12, 13 to which the fluid conduits 23 and 24 are connected as shown therein. The hydraulic power source 15 contains a hydraulic pump P driven by an electric motor M. The delivery line 21 of the pump P is connected to the magnetic valve 16 from which a return line 22 exhausts to the sump from which the pump is fed. A pressure regulator 25 of the overflow-type also exhausts to the sump. Valve 16 connects delivery line 21 with conduits 23 and 24 respectively as the result of signals received by the control device 26 of valve 16 which is biased into one end position by a spring 27.

When the chamber 2 has been filled with garbage, the piston-cylinder aggregates are actuated and extended, so that the pressure shield 7 is swung clockwise about its rotary axle 11 and compresses the garbage. Then the longitudinal axis of the piston-cylinder aggregates 12, 13 is swung in such manner that its distance from the axle 11 is continuously increased, so that the compressing pressure is also continuously increased. This increase in the compressing pressure takes place already when the swinging angle of the pressing shield 7 is comparatively small and is advantageous for the compressing of the garbage. FIG. 1 shows by broken lines the end position of the pressing shield with the numerals of its parts being indicated by primes. In the end portion the longitudinal axis of the piston-cylinder aggregates 12, 13 assumes the position shown by the dotdash line. In the final end position the opening of the chamber 2 is covered by the cover plate (indicated as 9') which also prevents that garbage should reach the rear side of the pressing shield, since this would detrimentally affect operational safety.

The wall of the chamber 2 located away from the axle 11 is provided with a spring joint 17 substantially at the level of the axle 11. The spring of this joint presses a swingable wall part 18 in the direction toward the axle 11. If there is a danger that there may be a clogging in the space between the pressing shield 7 and this wall part, then the wall part can swing away and allow the obstruction to pass, whereupon it will return by resilient action into its normal position.

H6. 2 shows a similar construction, the same parts being provided with the same numerals. The difference in the construction of FIG. 2 is that the outlet channel 3a is located about the rotary axle 11 of the pressing shield 7 and that its pressure plate in the withdrawn position forms the bottom of the chamber 2a. In this construction it is possible to operate with a single pistoncylinder aggregate 12a, 13a which is inclined more sharply upwardly than in the construction of FIG. 1, whereby the desired higher location of the outlet channel is attained. This facilitates the loading of the compressed garbage. The hydraulic power source 15 with the actuating valve is provided close to the pistoncylinder aggregate 12, 13 within the casing 1, so that space requirements of the device are small.

After the chamber 2 has been filled with garbage, the garbage is compressed by swinging counterclockwise the pressure shield 7 and is thereupon pushed out of the channel 3a to be loaded at a convenient height.

FIG. 3 is an end view from the left side of FIG. I, and shows the piston-cylinderaggregates 12 and 13 located on opposite sides of the outlet channel 3.

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a typical hydraulic system for actuation of the piston-cylinderaggregates l2 and 13 to which the fluid conduits 24 and 23 are connected. The hydraulic power source 15 contains a hydraulic pump P driven by an electric motor M. The delivery line 21 of the pump P is connected to the magnetic valve 16 from which a return line 22 exhausts to the sump from which the pump is fed. A pres sure regulator 25 of the overflow-type also exhausts to the sump. Valve 16 connects delivery line 21 with conduits 23 and 24 respectively as the result of signals received by the control device 26 of valve 16 which is biased into one end position by a spring 27.

It is apparent that the present invention provides garbage presses of simple and compact form which carry out compression in a better and more reliable manner than prior art devices.

I claim:

1. A garbage press comprising in combination, a casing enclosing a chamber and having an upper garbagereceiving opening, an axle carried by said casing, a pressure shield swingably mounted upon said axle and comprising a pressure plate, a cover plate carried by said pressure plate and a rear wall connected with said cover plate, said pressure shield being swingable from a forward position to a rear position, means forming an outlet channel communicating with said pressure shield, at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder aggregate, and a pivot connecting one end of said aggregate directly to said rear wall, the axis of said pivot extending parallel to the axle of the pressure shield at a distance from it, said piston-cylinder aggregate, in its run-in position, extending upwardly with an inclination such that the longitudinal axis of said aggregate has a distance from the axle of the pressure shield which is less than the distance between the axis of the pressure shield and of the pivot connecting the aggregate with the pressure shield.

2. A garbage press according to claim 1, comprising two hydraulic piston-cylinder aggregates located on opposite sides of said channel.

3. A garbage press according to claim 1, wherein said casing comprises a swingable wall located opposite said axle and yieldable in a horizontal plane away from said axle.

4. A garbage press according to claim 3, comprising a spring link connecting said swingable wall with the rest of said casing.

5. A garbage press according to claim 1, wherein said channel is located above said axle, wherein said pressure shield is located below said chamber and wherein said hydraulic piston-cylinder aggregate is located under said pressure shield and comprises a hydraulic power source located in said casing. 

1. A garbage press comprising in combination, a casing enclosing a chamber and having an upper garbage-receiving opening, an axle carried by said casing, a pressure shield swingably mounted upon said axle and comprising a pressure plate, a cover plate carried by said pressure plate and a rear wall connected with said cover plate, said pressure shield being swingable from a forward position to a rear position, means forming an outlet channel communicating with said pressure shield, at least one hydraulic piston-cylinder aggregate, and a pivot connecting one end of said aggregate directly to said rear wall, the axis of said pivot extending parallel to the axle of the pressure shield at a distance from it, said piston-cylinder aggregate, in its run-in position, extending upwardly with an inclination such that the longitudinal axis of said aggregate has a distance from the axle of the pressure shield which is less than the distance between the axis of the pressure shield and of the pivot connecting the aggregate with the pressure shield.
 2. A garbage press according to claim 1, comprising two hydraulic piston-cylinder aggregates located on opposite sides of said channel.
 3. A garbage press according to claim 1, wherein said casing comprises a swingable wall located opposite said axle and yieldable in a horizontal plane away from said axle.
 4. A garbage press according to claim 3, comprising a spring link connecting said swingable wall with the rest of said casing.
 5. A garbage press according to claim 1, wherein said channel is located above said axle, wherein said pressure shield is located below said chamber and wherein said hydraulic piston-cylinder aggregate is located under said pressure shield and comprises a hydraulic power source located in said casing. 